The invention discloses soil loosening and preparation equipment for kidney bean planting, and relates to the technical field of soil loosening and preparation equipment Fixing buckles are fixedly installed at the slots of the cutterhead Ring grooves are provided on both sides of the slot of the cutterhead of the fixed buckle The annular grooves of the cutterhead are all rotatably installed with backing rings The soil loosening and soil preparation equipment for kidney bean planting Through the fixing buckle and the backing ring installed at the ring groove of the cutter head The non-opposite surface of the matching backing ring is closely attached to the opposite surface of the rotating column convex ring Limit the tilt of the rotating column when the knife plate rotates When the knife plate rotates to break the soil When the knife plate is in contact with a hard foreign body and receives a reaction force, the force is transmitted to the backing ring through the convex ring of the rotating column, and the backing ring is used to limit the inclination of the rotating column to prevent the rotating column from directly wearing the cutterhead and the slot of the fixed buckle. After long-term work, the range of movement of the knife plate is enlarged, resulting in collisions between the knife plates during operation, causing damage to the knife plate.